obstinate

詳細解釋：

ob.sti.nate

adj.（形容詞）
Stubbornly adhering to an attitude, an opinion, or a course of action; obdurate.
固執的，頑固的：固執地堅持某種態度、觀點或一系列的行為；執迷不悟的
Difficult to manage, control, or subdue; refractory.
難於控制的：難於管理、控制或壓制的；頑皮的；倔強的
Difficult to alleviate or cure:
難醫治的：難於減輕或治癒的：
例句：
an obstinate headache.
難以治癒的頭痛

來源：
Middle English obstinat
中古英文 obstinat
from Latin obstin3tus [past participle of] obstin3re [to persist] * see st3-
源自 拉丁語 obstin3tus [] obstin3re的過去分詞 [堅持] *參見 st3-

【引伸】
ob.stinately
adv.（副詞）
ob.stinateness
n.（名詞）
<參考辭彙><同義詞>obstinate,stubborn,headstrong,stiff-necked,bullheaded,pigheaded,mulish,dogged,pertinaciousThese adjectives are compared as they mean tenaciously unwilling or marked by tenacious unwillingness to yield.
對這些形容詞進行比較，它們都表示固執地不情願屈服的意義或具有此種特徵。
Obstinate implies unreasonable rigidity,as in the face of argument, persuasion, entreaty, or attack:
Obstinate 暗含不合理的僵化，例如在面對爭辯、勸說、懇求或襲擊時：
例句：
.Mr. Quincy labored hard with the governor to obtain his assent, but he was obstinate. (Benjamin Franklin).
.昆西先生費了許多口舌以徵得州長的同意，但州長固執己見. （班傑明·富蘭克林）。

Stubborn pertains to innate, often perverse resoluteness or unyieldingness:
Stubborn 屬於內心的，常為剛愎的決心或不屈服：
例句：
.She was very stubborn when her mind was made up. (Samuel Butler).One who isheadstrong is stubbornly, often recklessly willful:
.她一旦拿定主意，就非常固執. （塞繆爾·巴特勒）。一個headstrong 的人是固執的，常是缺乏考慮的意志堅定：

例句：
The headstrong young couple entered into a marriage doomed to failure.
這對固執的年輕人，結成了一樁注定要失敗的婚姻。

Stiff-necked implies stubbornness combined with arrogance or aloofness:
Stiff-necked 暗示固執中含有高傲或疏遠：
例句：
The stiff-necked old Brahmin returned to Boston.
那個固執的老布萊明回到了波士頓。

Bullheaded suggests foolish or irrational obstinacy,andpigheaded, stupid obstinacy:
Bullheaded 暗含愚蠢的或非理性的固執，和pigheaded 指愚蠢的固執：
例句：
Don`t be bullheaded; see a doctor.
不要固執，去看病吧。

例句：
.It`s a pity pious folks are so apt to be pigheaded. (Harriet Beecher Stowe).
.真遺憾，虔誠的人大多是固執的. （哈里特·比徹·斯特威）。

Mulish implies the obstinacy and intractability associated with a mule:
Mulish 暗含象騾子一樣的固執和難以駕御：
例句：
.Obstinate is no word for it, for she is mulish. (Ouida).
.固執到無法形容，她太執拗了. （維達）。

Dogged emphasizes stubborn perseverance:
Dogged 暗指固執的堅持：
例句：
dogged persistence;
固執的堅持；

例句：
.two warring ideals in one dark body, whose dogged strength alone keeps it from being torn asunder. (W.E.B. Du Bois).
.兩種相對立的理想在這黑人心裡，單是他這種固執的力量就足以使它免於被分開. (W.E.B.杜·波依斯）。

Pertinacious stresses a tenacity of purpose, opinion, or course of action that is sometimes viewed as vexatious:
Pertinacious 強調對於有時被看作令人討厭的目的，觀點或行為過程的堅持：
例句：
She is the most vocal and pertinacious of all the critics of the policy.
在所有的政策批評家中，她是陳詞最多而且最為固執的。