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penalty

音標['pen?lti] 讀音
penalty的法文解釋

漢語翻譯


n. 處罰, 刑罰, 罰款, 罰球, 報應, 不利結果, 妨礙
【經】 罰金(款), 違約金

詞型變化：

名詞複數:penalties 

詞意辨析：

punishment, penalty
這兩個名詞均含“懲罰、處罰”之意。
punishment: 泛稱，諸如法律、父母、老師以及神的施予的種種等。
penalty: 專指法律上的或體育運動比賽中的處罰。

英文解釋：

名詞 penalty:

  1. the act of punishing
    同義詞：punishment, penalization, penalisation
  2. a payment required for not fulfilling a contract
  3. the disadvantage or painful consequences of an action or condition
  4. (games) a handicap or disadvantage that is imposed on a competitor (or a team) for an infraction of the rules of the game

例句：

  1. He kicked a penalty goal in the football match.
    在這場足球賽中，他主罰，踢進了一個球。
  2. The penalty clause was hidden in the small print.
    懲罰條款印在不起眼的小號字型部分。
  3. One of the penalties of fame is loss of privacy.
    成名的弊端之一是失去了私人活動自由。
  4. Liverpool were given a penalty when one of their opponents handled the ball.
    利物浦隊因對方一隊員用手觸球而得到一個罰球。
  5. One of the penalties of fame is that people point at you on the street.
    當了名人的麻煩之一是在街上被人指指點點。
  6. She has paid the penalty for her crimes with five years in prison.
    她因犯罪受到懲罰被判刑五年。

詳細解釋：


pen.al.ty

n.（名詞）
【複數】 pen.al.ties
A punishment established by law or authority for a crime or an offense.
懲罰，刑罰，處罰：由法律或權力當局制訂的對罪犯或犯法行為的懲罰
Something, especially a sum of money, required as a forfeit for an offense.
罰金：尤指一筆錢等受處罰而交納的東西
The disadvantage or painful consequences resulting from an action or a condition:
不利結果，損失：由於某種行為或狀況而導致的不利或令人痛苦的結果：
例句：
neglected his health and paid the penalty.
他忽視身體健康而自食苦果

Sports A punishment, handicap, or loss of advantage imposed on a team or competitor for infraction of a rule.
【體育運動】 罰球，罰分，罰下場：體育比賽中對犯規的賽隊或運動員所施加的懲罰、障礙或不利條件
Often penalties Games Points scored in contract bridge by the opponents when the declarer fails to make a bid.
常作 penalties 【遊戲】 橋牌罰分：橋牌中因未能叫牌而被對方減的罰分
n.attributive.（定語名詞）
Often used to modify another noun:
常用於修飾其它名詞：
例句：
a penalty kick; a penalty stroke.
罰球，罰點球；罰擊

來源：
Middle English penalte
中古英文 penalte
from Old French penalite
源自 古法文 penalite
from Medieval Latin poen3lit3s
源自 中世紀拉丁語 poen3lit3s
from Latin poen3lis [penal] * see penal
源自 拉丁語 poen3lis [懲罰的] *參見 penal

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